Proceedings of coffee philosophy of November 23, 2010:
The theme of the debate is "Can we philosophize without knowing the philosophy? "
Nearly thirty people were present for the resumption of the Bistrot cafe philos of the course and for this first appointment of the "season 2".
After being inspired by Jerome Ferrari, associate professor of philosophy at the Lycée Fesch and coming writer to get the price for France Television's latest novel, "Where I left my soul", Jean-Michel Dahan Doladille alias "Professor Deucheveau" who succeeded him. It is not a philosophy professor but likes the philosophy and the weakness to think it does not need to have a university degree in the field for philosophizing and that philosophy is everybody's business not only as a student but also and especially as an actor.
The debate has structured and organized several phases:
An array of teaching philosophy has been drawn in the introduction.
After being declared dead in the 1980s, the philosophy is now out of favor in Western societies (cafes, festivals, magazines, law ....).
The World Philosophy Day was organized this year by UNESCO on November 18. However
UNESCO underlines the divide between a certain fervor popular philosophy and distress at school.
There is a striking contrast between a passion for philosophy and a lack of love for it from a large number of students.
The former dean of the General Inspectorate of Philosophy Jean-Louis Poirier, in his report on the status of the teaching of philosophy in France in 2007-2008 notes "It must be admitted, a fairly large mass of pupils manifest indifference unreservedly liberating spirit of philosophy in all respects and considers it a waste of time.
order, perhaps, to remedy this lack of interest in philosophy among schoolchildren, the Minister of Education announced Thursday, 18 November experimentation in teaching philosophy from the second class.
Several experiments with the philosophy of awakening in the kindergarten classes are being conducted.
Thus, for example, in some nursery schools, issues usually addressed in the terminal are from children three years and as "What is wealth? A leader? the law? The difference? death? freedom? .
One member of the Cafe Philo regretted not having been aware when he was terminally importance philosophy that is too often judged by its low coefficient in Bac.
He did not know he was getting married, having children, divorce, be unemployed ....
philosophy appears to be the most important subject because it is the only one that helps them live.
An attempt to define philosophy and philosophy of the verb has been tried and many speakers expressed their views and opinions.
Some participants said that every philosopher has his own world view and there are many philosophies that even people.
Each age has its own philosophy of life from enthusiasm for the wisdom of experience. Moreover
Has it been pointed out, there are other philosophies that Western philosophy, there are particular philosophy Oriental Oriental and African extremes.
The word philosophy is part of our everyday language since ancient times but what it means remains a mystery to many. It is indeed very difficult to give a definition that can be fully satisfactory.
Socrates and his pupil Plato's pupil, then it will repeat that Aristotle's philosophy is the daughter of astonishment. Surprise at the fire that burns, surprise before the day and night, surprise at the birth and death. The surprise starts doing the thinking. Why? How?
Etymologically, philosophy means love of wisdom. Wisdom is a lifestyle. One goal of philosophy, if not only, is to live well. According to legend, Pythagoras, who would have invented the term philosophy. Only the gods are entitled to the appellation of wise. The man, he can only love of wisdom, strive for it and strive to achieve it.
The words "philosophy" and "philosophize" each have several meanings and these meanings depend on context. This context is defined
by what the person talking or being talked about, the subject of our discourse, or the activity in which we are engaged. For example:
It is said that someone undergoes an ordeal in stride: "I am a philosopher," we must take things philosophically, "etc.. The word is synonymous with quiet, self-control and often resignation. But
be philosopher, is also having opinions by thinking critically, being able to think for yourself.
The meaning of a work expresses a certain philosophy, a worldview (moral, scientific, historical, etc.).
The philosophy of a philosopher, example of his doctrine, his system of ideas consistent
The philosophy course, means the discipline. With its content defined by a program.
Living without philosophy, without reflection on our actions and the meaning of our values, it is not really live. The idea of sleep is common for example to Heraclitus. "The other men (implying those who do not philosophize) ignore what they did on standby as they forget what they did during their sleep. Descartes had this thought.
"It is proper to have his eyes closed, without trying, without ever opening them to live without philosophy." Moreover
and the philosopher Roger-Pol Droit contemporary "What we often need are citizens who believe. Or initiation of philosophy as critique is absolutely essential in this field. The emergent philosophy gives all citizens the opportunity to form their judgments.
training philosophy is not to teach doctrines but to exercise his capacity to discuss and, as such there is an essential training for all citizens of all democracies to protect them against the forms of propaganda and disinformation . According to Gilles Deleuze
, the Greek philosophers used to wondered about that was lawful to occupy such a position of power.
What about the teaching of philosophy from kindergarten?
A participant in the discussion felt that it was too early to begin an awakening in philosophy in nursery and primary school that would be more relevant.
Another expressed his fear that the minds of young children are malleable, some of them may be influenced by some teachers with their vision of the world.
The proposal to teach philosophy from the second class in kindergarten and a fortiori has not received the assent of all philosophy professors.
For some of them, we must first define what is meant by "philosophy."
Is this an ideal university or a conversation about values of life?
If the meaning of the ideal university, they say, is impossible.
Students terminal have many problems with abstraction. The philosophy is based on concepts.
It is therefore premature to teach from the second.
But everyone can ask questions about the meaning of material life. And that can lead students to discover their intellectual areas can not find out for themselves. It is an existential awakening.
existential awakening is precisely this which is responsible for learning the philosophy of the kindergarten.
Michel Onfray said: "All children are born philosophers, only some remain so."
The main pioneer of emergent philosophy from pre-school is the American Matthew Lipman.
This practice is growing in popularity around the world.
More generally, participants were asked to indicate whether, beyond the children and teenagers, they think it or not can philosophize without knowing the philosophy.
Socrates, rather than reading the questions of his teachers and respond in writing, observes the world, the world of nature and the world of the agora. He talks with people, but especially the fact talking.
Philosophy for Socrates is less a matter of well-made head that look well done. It
philosopher without reading the treaties.
When Socrates pronounced the famous phrase "I know I know nothing", he criticized those who claim to possess the knowledge and truth. He castigated
especially Sophists who believed hold know when in reality they know nothing of any value. Socrates was condemned to drink hemlock for saying that and he died of severe absorption of this poison. If
philosophize is to think for oneself, one might be led to believe it is unnecessary to read the philosophers.
Plato believed that the spirit of anyone, he was a slave, already contained all the knowledge possible, the work of dialogue is therefore to update it. For him "to know is to remember."
In the myth of the cave, it shows that true knowledge is beyond the appearances are misleading and that it must go beyond the sensible world to access the world of ideas that souls have access.
Descartes wrote his discourse on method in French instead of Latin, the scholarly language of the time to be understood.
To philosophize, one must unlearn the manner of Socrates, that is, put everything you learned in question, take nothing for granted forever.
scientists learn science, astronomers, astronomy, mathematics, mathematics, sociology sociologists but philosophers do not learn philosophy., They learn to philosophize.
philosophy claims no knowledge, she can almost touch all areas without one which is reserved.
But it should not deduct from this that knowledge of philosophical ideas is useless.
Hegel made it clear that for him, the philosophy of today's product contains all the work for millennia because it is the result of all that preceded it.
This knowledge is knowledge of the predecessors of thought should be taught and learned.
For Hegel, it is about learning to teach philosophy to philosophize.
Socrates could not refer to other philosophers because he was the first.
After Socrates, there is a Many philosophers over the centuries and their writings were passed down from generation to generation.
Thus, philosopher reflects earlier writings when he develops and supports its own thinking. There is therefore a good knowledge on the philosophy that is necessary to philosophize.
How then do not think of Immanuel Kant who said that we do not learn philosophy, one learns to philosophize.
philosophy, as a reflection, can not learn the content of thought it would be enough to restore but it teaches how to gain access to rationality by means of a critical thinking constitutive action of philosophizing.
Learning philosophy is not a learning memory but an exercise of reason.
The philosophical ideal is to think for yourself.
Philosophy is not really a know-transferable and is not in any way in a matter as such which would relate to a specific area constantly increased by new discoveries as is the case, for example, biology.
Philosophers are responsible for questioning anything that seems obvious to men and acquired in advance. But
philosophizing can not be assimilated to produce any chimera that is unsupported by reason.
philosophy is not to substitute an opinion but another to ban any opinion as to leave the place only verified and verifiable truths.
philosophy generates the logic that allows them to give rigor to founding his knowledge.
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